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Synthetic Textiles and Microplastics
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This review examines how synthetic textiles shed microfibers during washing and drying, covering the mechanisms of release, the environmental fate of microfibers in aquatic systems, and strategies for reducing microplastic pollution from the fashion and textile industry.
Microplastics, tiny plastic particles less than five millimeters in diameter, pose significant environmental and health risks due to their pervasive presence and resistance to degradation. Synthetic textiles are a major source of microplastics, shedding microfibers during washing and drying processes. These microfibers can absorb and transport toxic chemicals, causing harm to aquatic organisms and entering the human food web. This paper explores the impact of synthetic textiles on microplastic pollution, the adverse effects on the environment and human health, and current mitigation strategies. The research highlights the importance of adopting sustainable practices and fabric choices to reduce microplastic pollution and protect ecosystems.
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This review examines the current state of knowledge on microplastic pollution, focusing specifically on synthetic microfibre shedding from textiles during washing and the significance of this source for marine and freshwater contamination.
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Washing synthetic textiles releases microplastic fibers into wastewater, and this study reviewed the scale of the problem and explored strategies to reduce emissions at the washing machine, garment design, and wastewater treatment levels. Textile laundering is considered one of the largest sources of microplastic fiber pollution reaching aquatic environments.
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This systematic review of 13 studies examines how domestic laundering of synthetic textile clothing releases microplastics into aquatic environments, concluding that washing of synthetic fabrics is a primary driver of microplastic accumulation in rivers and oceans and that this burden will grow alongside increasing global consumption of synthetic materials.
Role of Textile Industries in Microfiber Pollution
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This review examines the role of textile industries in generating microfiber pollution, tracing microfiber release during fabric production, consumer use, laundering, and end-of-life disposal as synthetic textile demand grows with fast fashion. The review documents pathways by which textile microfibers enter freshwater and marine environments and accumulate in aquatic biota, linking industry growth trends to escalating environmental microfiber loads.
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This review examined synthetic fibers as a source of microplastics in the marine environment, tracing the full textile lifecycle from manufacturing through use and disposal to understand where and how fibers enter aquatic systems.
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