Review of Soil Microplastic Degradation Pathways and Remediation Techniques

Microplastics have received widespread attention in recent years. However, most studies on microplastics have been limited to the aquatic environment. In this review, we categorize and describe the microplastic's degradation pathways and removal methods, including pyrolysis, hydrolysis, biodegradation, and advanced oxidation techniques, such as ultrasonic mechanical degradation. Additionally, we focus on the applicability of photocatalytic degradation as an in-situ removal technique for microplastics in soil, providing a reference for future research. Although soil is an important sink for microplastics and has a much higher abundance than the oceans, there is a lack of comprehensive summary regarding the mechanisms of environmental degradation and removal of microplastics in soil in existing research. In this review, we categorize and describe removal and degradation methods, including pyrolysis, hydrolysis, biodegradation, and advanced oxidation techniques, such as ultrasonic mechanical degradation. Additionally, we focus on the applicability of photocatalytic degradation as an in-situ removal technique for microplastics in soil, providing a reference for future research.