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A systematic review: Biodegradation, mechanism, remediation strategies, and environmental impacts of microplastics
Summary
This systematic review summarizes research on how microplastics break down in the environment and what strategies exist to clean them up. The findings highlight that microplastics are extremely difficult to degrade naturally, meaning they persist in soil and water for long periods where they can eventually enter our food and drinking water.
Abstract In the natural environment, plastics and microplastics (MPs) are difficult to break down due to their hydrophobicity, the presence of persistent covalent bonds, and their functional groups' resistance to attack. The destiny of both organic and inorganic pollutants at contaminated areas can be influenced by MPs ability to absorb them. Because of their enormous surface to volume ratio and chemical surface characteristics, MPs are able to absorb dangerous substances from their surroundings. Accordingly, the study's main objectives were to provide a concise review of characterization techniques of MP biodegradation techniques, including the nano‐enabled methods, and the gaps in current research were outlined. This review paper summarizes the degradation mechanism and efficiency of MPs in different circumstances. For the purpose of eliminating plastic pollution, this work will help for the further studies.