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Adsorption–desorption and leaching behavior of benzovindiflupyr in different soil types
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This study examined how the fungicide benzovindiflupyr behaves in different soil types, finding that microplastics in soil can change how the pesticide is absorbed and moves through the ground. The type and size of microplastics influenced whether the fungicide stayed in place or leached toward groundwater. This is relevant because when microplastics and agricultural chemicals coexist in farmland, they can interact in ways that may increase groundwater contamination and human exposure.
Benzovindiflupyr is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide that targets mitochondrial function for disease control. In this study, we investigated the adsorption-desorption and leaching behavior of benzovindiflupyr in eight soil types using the batch equilibrium method and the soil column leaching method. A Freundlich model (r2 > 0.9959) was used to better characterize the adsorption-desorption process in eight soil types, with adsorption coefficients (KF-ads) ranging from 2.303 to 17.886. KF-ads was significantly and positively correlated (p < 0.05) with the organic carbon content. High temperatures and increased initial pH of aqueous solutions led to a decrease in benzovindiflupyr adsorption in the soil. The adsorption was also influenced by factors such as ionic strength, humic acid, surfactant type, microplastic type, and particle size and concentration. Moreover, benzovindiflupyr exhibited low leachability in all four soils selected, but different leaching solutions affected the risk of benzovindiflupyr migration to groundwater. Overall, this study provides insights into the adsorption characteristics of benzovindiflupyr in different soils and provides key information for environmental risk assessment.
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