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Removal of microplastics from polyvinyl chloride (pvc) by clarification with ferric chloride for water supply treatment
Summary
Researchers investigated the removal of microplastics from polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing water using clarification with ferric salts, evaluating the method's effectiveness as a treatment approach for emerging microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments.
Com aumento populacional e consequente aumento da utilização de polímeros plásticos no cotidiano, observa-se a presença de microplásticos (MP) como contaminantes emergentes nos ecossistemas atmosféricos, litosféricos e hidrosféricos como rios, mares, aquíferos e lagos, e ainda em organismos vivos. Neste contexto, a presença de MP nas águas de abastecimento é foco de estudos e sua remoção em processos tradicionais de tratamento de água é objeto deste estudo. Objetivou-se, portanto, realizar uma revisão bibliográfica das técnicas de tratamento de água e suas respectivas remoções de MP e avaliar a remoção do Policloreto de vinila (PVC) pelo processo de clarificação da água em escala de bancada com o uso do coagulante cloreto férrico, através de um diagrama de coagulação. Os ensaios de clarificação e a construção do diagrama foram realizados no aparelho Jar-Test com as etapas de coagulação à 300 rpm por 1 minuto e a floculação à 100, 80 e 60 rpm por 10, 5 e 5 minutos, respectivamente, seguido de 20 minutos de decantação. Para tal, foram utilizados 40 mL do coagulante FeCl3 em concentrações de 0, 10,67, 21,33, 32,00, 42,67, 53,33 mg/L. Após os ensaios foram realizadas análises gravimétricas de MP e caracterização da água (pH). A revisão de literatura divulgou as remoções médias de cada técnica de tratamento de água. O processo de clarificação demonstrou uma capacidade de remoção máxima de PVC de 70%, em pH neutro com concentrações de coagulante de 32,00 a 42,67 mg/L, pela regressão obtida com os dados observados, estima-se que essas são as concentrações ideais para remoção máxima de MP de PVC. No diagrama de coagulação, o processo de remoção ocorreu pelos mecanismo de adsorção/neutralização e o mecanismo de varredura com eficiências máximas de 90% em ambos mecanismos.
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