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Eco-designing of nano-materials to enhance crop productivity and improve soil remediation
Summary
This review examines how eco-designed nanomaterials can enhance crop productivity and improve soil remediation, evaluating the dual role of nanomaterials as agricultural inputs and potential environmental contaminants.
The advent of climate change has presented unprecedented challenges to global agricultural systems. Advanced nano-engineering is a valuable tool for promoting sustainability and enhancing crop productivity to ensure food security. Nanotechnology, in particular, is a technology that can be beneficial for crop production. It can minimize losses in resources, improve the targeted and controlled delivery of fertilizers or agrochemicals based on specific needs, prolong the effectiveness of agrochemicals, and reduce recommended dosages and associated losses to boost agricultural productivity. Additionally, nanotechnology's unique characteristics of high reactivity, selectivity, and versatility make it highly promising for addressing complex issues and developing innovative approaches for soil remediation. Nano-particles enhance growth, expedite crop maturation, and enhance a plant's resilience to stress, becoming valuable instruments in regions susceptible to drought and flooding. In addition, they possess the ability to eliminate toxic contaminants, specifically heavy metals and pesticide residues. Nano-particles have a reduced long-term impact on the environment, humans, and plants compared to normal agrochemicals. This review will be highly valuable for future researchers as they strive to understand and harness the potential of nano-materials for enhancing food security and promoting sustainable agriculture.
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