Recent Advances in Microplastic Pollution for its Sustainable Management

The utilisation and disposal of plastic products in an unsustainable manner in contemporary civilisation creates plastic pollution, which gives rise to hazards to the health, economy and ecosystems of humans. The harmful impacts of plastic pollution have been attempted to be mitigated by current clean-up tactics, but they are impotent to keep up with the growing amount of plastic that is entering into the environment. Here, we add the various sources of microplastic pollution which are discussed followed by pollution in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Lastly, an array of environmentally friendly approaches for lowering microplastic pollution are covered. The removal effectiveness of filtration technology varies, but because new filter membranes must be purchased and membrane fouling occurs, the cost of the system is rather high. Magnetic separation and adsorption are straightforward removal techniques, but the addition of added sorbents raises the risk of secondary pollution. The issue of chemical residues in coagulation and oxidation treatments is comparable. On the contrary, the degradation effectiveness of biodegradation is frequently low. The motive of this paper is to put forward various approaches for managing plastic pollution to minimise plastic pollution by using the aforementioned techniques.