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Shear induced remobilization of buried synthetic microfibers
Summary
Researchers used an oscillating grid device to study how buried synthetic microfibers can be remobilized from sediment beds by turbulent shear forces. They tested four common plastic fiber types in both cohesive and non-cohesive soils and found that remobilization depends on fiber properties and sediment type. The study demonstrates that microfibers deposited in aquatic sediments are not permanently trapped and can re-enter the water column during high-energy events.
Microplastics are known to accumulate in sediment beds of aquatic environments where they can be buried. Once buried they can remobilize due to high energetic events, entering the water column again. Here, turbulence induced by an oscillating grid device was used to investigate the remobilization of microfibers (MF) buried into the sediment bed. Four different types of plastic fibers commonly used for several industrial applications (PET, PP, PA and LDPE) and two types of soils (cohesive and non-cohesive) were investigated. Particles were in depth characterized via 3D reconstruction to estimate important parameters like the Corey shape factor and the settling velocity. Experimental runs explored a wide range of shear stresses. Measurements were taken at different time steps (between 15 min and 240 min from the start of each run). The results have shown that the remobilization of MFs is directly proportional to the value of the shear rate and the duration of the disturbance. Also, buoyant MFs were found more prone to remobilize respect to the denser ones. Drawing from experimental observations of the key parameters affecting MF remobilization, a non-dimensional predictive model was developed. A comparison with previous studies was performed to validate the model in order to predict MF remobilization in aquatic environments.