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Bioengineered Endophyte-Integrated Biosensors: A New Frontier in Environmental Monitoring and Remediation
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This review introduces bioengineered endophyte-integrated biosensors—microbes living inside plants that are modified to detect and help remediate pollutants including microplastics and heavy metals—as an emerging tool for environmental monitoring. Combining biological sensing with remediation in a single living system could offer a more continuous and ecologically harmonious approach to tracking plastic pollution than conventional lab-based methods.
Environmental pollution remains a global concern, driven by the widespread release of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, microplastics, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Traditional detection and remediation technologies often fall short due to high...
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Role of Microorganisms in Eco-remediation
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Microorganisms capable of colonizing and partially degrading plastic surfaces offer a biological avenue for eco-remediation of plastic pollution in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Harnessing microbial communities to break down microplastics could reduce their persistence in ecosystems and lower the long-term burden on human health.
Role of Microorganisms in Eco-remediation
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Certain microorganisms can degrade plastic polymers or mitigate the toxic effects of microplastics on ecosystems, offering a bioremediation pathway for contaminated soils and waters. Harnessing microbial communities for plastic degradation could complement waste reduction strategies, though scaling these solutions remains a significant challenge.
Biotechnological Approaches for Monitoring, Mitigating, and Bioremediating Microplastic Pollution: Developing Sustainable Alternatives to Disposable Plastics: A Review
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This study examined the biodegradation of PBAT (polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate), a certified compostable plastic, under realistic environmental conditions. The research assessed degradation rates, metabolite formation, and microbial community involvement, finding that PBAT biodegradation is strongly dependent on temperature and the presence of specific microbial communities.
Role of Microbial Enzymes for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants: An Approach for Sustainable Environment
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Microbial enzymes—including laccases, peroxidases, and plastic-degrading hydrolases—are being explored as tools to break down microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides that conventional treatment plants leave behind. Enzyme-based remediation offers a low-energy, targeted approach to dismantling persistent pollutants, and advances in this field could eventually enable biological cleanup of microplastic-contaminated soils and waterways at scale.
Environmental Pollution Control Using Micro and Nano Bio-based Materials
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This review examines how micro and nano-scale bio-based materials -- including biochar, chitosan, cellulose, and microbial biomass -- can be engineered to remediate air, water, soil, and plastic contamination. Bio-based remediation materials offer renewable, biodegradable alternatives to synthetic adsorbents for removing microplastics and associated contaminants from environmental matrices before they enter human food and water supplies.
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