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Leachates from tyres induce acute toxicity in fish, influence of tyre type and age
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This study examined how leachates from tires induce acute toxicity in fish, comparing effects across different tire types and ages to assess how composition and weathering influence leachate hazard. Tire leachates caused acute toxicity in fish at concentrations relevant to roadway runoff, with leachate toxicity varying significantly by tire type and degree of weathering.
Tyres are an important source of microplastics (so called tyre wear particles (TWP)) and chemicals in the environment. Given their composition and the quantity produced every year, tyres are of particular concern in terms of the effects they could have on species, especially in marine ecosystems. Specifically, it has already been shown that a chemical derived from tyres caused the death of Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in urbanized watersheds. In this work, we evaluated the acute toxicity of leachates obtained from three different tyres (1 new and 2 road-worn tyres) on embryonic and larval stages of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Leachates were obtained from millimetric pieces of cut tyres incubated for 14 days in filtered seawater (25‰). The exposure lasted 12 days with hatching at 10 days and different endpoints were considered: mortality, developmental defects, morphology of eggs and larvae, heartbeats, hatching and larval swimming activity. These experiments revealed a dose-dependent effect of the leachates on early life stages of marine medaka for all endpoints considered with a LOEC obtained with 10 Also see: https://micro2024.sciencesconf.org/559100/document
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Leachates from tyres induce acute toxicity in fish, influence of tyre type and age
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Researchers tested the acute toxicity of leachates from different tire types and ages on fish, finding that tire leachates cause dose-dependent mortality. The toxicity varied with tire composition and age, with newer tire formulations in some cases producing more harmful leachates.
When and how leachate toxicity of tire wear particles peaks: quantifying its dynamics using dose-response analysis
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Researchers quantified how leachate toxicity from tire wear particles (TWP) changes with weathering over time, using aging experiments and toxicity bioassays to map the temporal dynamics of toxic compound release. Toxicity peaked during early weathering as soluble compounds leached rapidly, then declined, providing data relevant to risk assessment of TWP in stormwater runoff.
Leaching, photodegradation, and field occurrence of tire-derived chemicals and their transformation products: LC-HRMS-based target and suspect screening from laboratory to urban road runoff.
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Lab tests and road runoff samples were used to study chemicals released from tire wear particles, including how acidity and light affect their breakdown. Some chemicals leached more under acidic conditions, changed over time with light exposure, and several breakdown products were also found in road runoff alongside the original chemicals.
Evaluation of tire tread particle toxicity to fish using rainbow trout cell lines
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Researchers tested how tire and road wear particles — tiny fragments shed from vehicle tires — affect fish cells representing gill and intestinal tissue. They found toxicity was mainly driven by chemicals leaching out of the particles, including zinc and several rubber additives, with digestion conditions increasing how much of these chemicals were released.
Effects of sunlight exposure on tire tread particle leachates: Chemical composition and toxicity in aquatic systems
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Researchers tested how sunlight exposure changes the chemical composition and toxicity of substances leaching from tire tread particles in water. They found that light-exposed tire particle leachates were significantly more toxic to zebrafish embryos, causing developmental abnormalities and reduced survival at lower concentrations. The study suggests that the environmental weathering of tire-derived microplastics can make their chemical releases more hazardous to aquatic life over time.
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