[Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance Gene Enrichment by Microplastics in the Environment].

In recent decades， the misuse of antibiotics has contributed to a significant rise in antibiotic resistance among bacteria. Antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs）， carried by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and considered to be emerging pollutants， are primarily responsible for this phenomenon. ARGs have been extensively detected in various environmental media， including the atmosphere， soil， water， and sediments. Microplastics （MPs）， defined as plastic fragments with diameters less than 5 mm， pose a considerable threat due to their ease of ingestion by organisms， leading to adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. Moreover， microplastics exhibit a high affinity for organic pollutants， facilitating their migration through adsorption and desorption processes. The surfaces of microplastics can harbor bacterial pathogens and ARGs， thereby influencing the occurrence and dissemination of ARGs in the environment. Although numerous publications have reported the role of microplastics in the transmission of ARGs across diverse environments， there remains a gap in understanding the specific effects of microplastics on the accumulation and horizontal gene transfer of ARGs， including MPs types and surface characteristics， along with the underlying mechanisms. This review provides an overview of the ARGs enrichment by microplastics in various environment media and highlights how the type and surface characteristics of microplastics impact the concentration and subsequent spread of ARGs， while also clarifying the underlying mechanisms through which microplastics facilitate the horizontal transfer of ARGs. The review also outlines prospective research directions concerning microplastics and ARGs， offering valuable insights for the management and control of emerging pollutants.