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Co-occurrence of microplastics and heavy metals in sediments of the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River: Distribution characterizations and comprehensive ecological risk assessment
Summary
Researchers assessed the co-occurrence of microplastics and heavy metals in sediments from the Yellow River's Lanzhou section, finding microplastic abundance ranging from 243 to 4,289 items per kilogram, predominantly small fragments under 100 micrometers. The study developed an optimized two-dimensional index for evaluating combined pollutant risks and found severe composite pollution, with copper and cadmium showing the highest contamination levels. The findings highlight the need for integrated risk assessment frameworks in urban river systems.
Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) are significant pollutants in river ecosystems. Their coexistence can lead to synergistic toxic effects and increase environmental risks. Therefore, a risk assessment was carried out, involving optimization of the two-dimensional comprehensive index (TPI) model for MPs-HMs co-contamination and analysis of their distribution characteristics in sediments from the Yellow River's Lanzhou section. The results showed that the highest pollution levels were observed for Cu and Cd. The abundance of MPs in the sediments ranged from 243.00 ± 9.92-4289.33 ± 215.22 items/kg, with the dominant forms being fragmented, white/translucent, and <100 μm. Additionally, risk assessment revealed substantial ecological threats, evidenced by an elevated shape risk index (SRI) of MPs at 1122.54 and a potential risk index (MRI) of HMs at 241.45. The mean value and risk level of the integrated TPI model were 344.08 ± 14.58 and 6 respectively, confirming severe composite pollution. The results of this study enhance the methodological framework for assessing combined pollutant toxicity and provide critical insights for ecological risk management in urban river systems.
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