Microplastics contamination in marine system

Microplastic pollution is a worldwide problem that negatively impacts the marine ecosystem's food supply. Their highest concentrations are found in mid-ocean gyres and along coastal lines. Because they frequently have sizes that are similar to those of prey as well as are mistaken for food, microplastics pose a threat to marine life. When consumed, may cause a variety of harmful effects on marine life, which could make it easier for hydrophobic contaminants to find their way into aquatic environments . This chapter explains the effects of microplastic pollution on both humans and marine organisms. Various studies have shown that eating microplastics has caused fish to ingest chemical toxins, which can harm their digestive systems, choke marine life, serve as a pathway for the spread of bacteria, and reduce their ability to grow and reproduce. Fish and human survival are more at risk as a result of these threats. Marine scientists have thus found it necessary to spread awareness to the public about the risks associated with using products that endanger the health of marine organisms as well as the ecosystem. Further, we have discussed gathering and assessment of marine microplastics, analytical approaches for the characterization of microplastics, control of microplastic contamination in marine ecosystems , and techniques for the separation of microplastics from the marine environment. This chapter will help the researchers working on microplastic pollution, its control, and its effects on marine systems along with human health.