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Multifunctional Membranes for Environmental Remediation
Summary
This book chapter reviews how multi-functional membranes — materials that combine filtration with catalytic, antimicrobial, and self-cleaning properties — can address water and air pollution including microplastics and emerging contaminants. The review is relevant because advanced membrane technology is one of the most promising engineering approaches for removing microplastics from drinking water and wastewater before they reach the environment.
Multi-functional membranes have emerged as a promising class of materials for addressing global environmental challenges, particularly in water and air purification, energy recovery, and resource sustainability. Unlike conventional membranes that are designed for single-purpose separation, multi-functional membranes integrate diverse properties such as high selectivity, catalytic activity, antimicrobial resistance, and self-cleaning capabilities into a single platform. This chapter provides an overview of recent advances in the design, fabrication, and application of multi-functional membranes for environmental remediation. Key strategies include hybridization with nanomaterials, surface functionalization, and the incorporation of photocatalytic, adsorptive, and stimuli-responsive components. Case studies highlight their effectiveness in removing persistent pollutants, treating industrial wastewater, and mitigating microplastic and emerging contaminants. Finally, the chapter discusses challenges in scalability, stability, and fouling resistance, while offering future perspectives for sustainable development and large-scale implementation.