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Removal of micro- and nano-plastics from aqueous matrices using modified biochar – A review of synthesis, applications, interaction, and regeneration
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This review examines how modified biochar materials can be used to remove micro- and nanoplastics from water. Researchers found that chemical functionalization and nanoparticle integration of biochar significantly improve its ability to capture plastic particles through mechanisms like electrostatic interaction and physical adsorption. The study also highlights challenges in regenerating used biochar for sustainable reuse in water treatment applications.
• Modified biochars are used for efficient removal of micro- and nano-plastics from water matrices. • Synthesis techniques for biochar consist chemical functionalization and nanoparticle integration. • The interaction mechanisms between modified biochar and microplastics are critical water treatment. • Critical evaluation of challenges in biochar regeneration is also crucial for sustainable reuse. The widespread contamination of aquatic environments by micro- and nano-plastics has become a global environmental concern that is demanding effective remediation strategies. The main objective of this paper is to find the application of modified biochar in micro- and nano-plastic removal from aqueous environments. In this paper, the synthesis of modified biochar, encompassing various modification techniques such as chemical functionalization, physical activation, and nanoparticle incorporation, is systematically explored. The intricate interaction mechanisms between modified biochar and microplastics are dissected by considering physical adsorption, chemical interactions, electrostatic forces, and hydrophobic interactions. The regeneration of biochar for repeated use is critically evaluated by emphasizing the challenges associated with structural changes and the loss of functional groups during regeneration processes. This review paper integrates findings from recent studies and identifies research gaps by offering insights into the optimization of biochar-based materials for sustainable and efficient removal of microplastics from aqueous matrices. It also guides future research endeavors and technological advancements in plastic pollution mitigation using sustainable materials.
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This review examines how biochar, a charcoal-like material made from organic waste, can be used to remove micro and nanoplastics from contaminated water. Biochar is an affordable and sustainable option that absorbs plastic particles, though the technology is still in early stages. Better water purification methods like this could help reduce the amount of microplastics that end up in drinking water and the human body.
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Tiny plastic particles are showing up everywhere in our water, and current treatment plants can only filter out 40-78% of them, meaning the rest ends up in our environment and potentially our bodies. This review paper highlights biochar—a charcoal-like material made from plant waste—as a cheap, eco-friendly filter that can be specially engineered to capture up to 99% of microplastics from water. While promising, scientists still need to standardize these methods and test them at larger scales before this becomes a widespread solution for cleaner drinking water.
Pristine and modified biochar comparison for environmental micro(nano)plastic removal: adsorption dynamics, influencing factors, mechanisms, and regeneration potential
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Tiny plastic particles called micro(nano)plastics are turning up in our water and soil, and scientists are studying charcoal-like material called biochar as a cheap, eco-friendly way to filter them out. This review of existing research found that "modified" biochar (treated with chemicals or heat to boost its plastic-trapping power) works significantly better than plain biochar at soaking up these particles. While this technology isn't yet ready for large-scale use, it's a promising step toward cleaning up the tiny plastics that end up in our drinking water and food supply, which is important since these particles have raised concerns about potential health risks.
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