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Microplastics in marine organism
Summary
This review examines microplastic contamination in marine organisms, systematically cataloguing data from the literature on particle counts and concentrations found in fish and other marine species. The study highlights the ecological significance of microplastic ingestion given that humans occupy the top of the marine food chain and are consequently exposed through seafood consumption.
S obzirom da se onečišćenje plastikom smatra jednim od najopasnijih ekoloških problema 21. stoljeća, očito je i mikroplastika veliki ekološki problem s obzirom da nastaje fragmentacijom plastike. Morski organizmi, kao npr. ribe, mogu unijeti mikroplastiku u svoj organizam što je problem s obzirom da je čovjek na kraju hranidbenog lanca. Zbog problematike mikroplastike, cilj ovog rada je bio proučiti i sistematizirati podatke iz literature o broju i količini čestica mikroplastike u morskim organizmima prema skupinama algi, morskih cvjetnica, beskralježnjaka i kralježnjaka. Zbog (ne)praktičnosti i (ne)preciznosti kod sakupljanja uzoraka, manje su dostupni podaci vezani za mikroplastiku na algama i morskim cvjetnicama u odnosu na mikroplastiku u morskim beskralježnjacima i kralježnjacima. Iako se kod algi i morskih cvjetnica mogu pronaći razne vrste mikroplastike (koje variraju od 13,5 µm do 5000 µm), ipak se na njima najčešće pronalaze vlakna. Od 16 analiziranih radova vezanih za mikroplastiku u morskim beskralježnjacima, bilo je vidljivo da su po obliku čestica vlakna najzastupljeniji oblici mikroplastike, a pronađeni su u raznim veličinama koje variraju od 3 μm do 5000 μm. Od 22 analizirana rada vezana za mikroplastiku u morskim kralježnjacima, 6 radova je bilo fokusirano na morske sisavce, 1 rad je bio fokusiran na morske reptile (odnosno morske kornjače), dok se ostalih 15 radova odnosilo na mikroplastiku u ribama. Vidljivo je bilo da su najzastupljeniji oblici mikroplastike u morskim kralježnjacima bili fragmenti i vlakna, a veličina tih čestica je varirala od 1 μm do 5000 μm.
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