Enset starch-based biocomposite film reinforced with Ethiopian bentonite clay: Improved mechanical and barrier properties

Improper disposal of traditional plastics leads to the generation of microplastics, resulting in severe pollution of land and oceans and posing a threat to human health and marine ecosystems. Hence, adopting eco-friendly bioplastics, particularly in food packaging, is essential. In this study, Enset starch-based biocomposite films, reinforced with Ethiopian bentonite clay at various ratios (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 % w/w) were prepared using solvent casting method. The effect of bentonite clay on biocomposite films on structural, physicochemical, and morphological properties were analyzed. Characterization tests confirmed the even distribution of bentonite, strengthening of bonds, and enhancement of the biocomposite film properties. The biocomposite film with 5 wt% bentonite clay incorporation into enset starch exhibits optimal performance; maximum strength (increased by 132 %), less water solubility (reduction in 33 %), reduction in water vapor permeability (decreased by 42 %), and better compatibility in the morphologies attributed by the intercalated silicate layer. This study highlights the effectiveness of bentonite clay in enhancing enset starch biocomposite properties, offering a promising eco-friendly solution for biodegradable food packaging and promoting sustainable resource utilization.