Microplastic contamination in fermented beverages: A case study of kvass

The presence of microplastics (MPs) in beverages has been extensively documented, and their potential adverse effects on human health have garnered significant public attention. In light of the potential health risks associated with MPs intake, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the levels of MPs in the human diet and the extent of exposure. In this study, μ-FTIR spectroscopy was used to characterize the abundance, size, morphological features, and polymer types of MPs in kvass beverages. The results showed an average abundance of 81.53 ± 43.24 items/L MPs per liter, with a main size distribution ranging from 50 to 100 μm. The morphological characteristics were primarily fragments, and six different polymers were identified. Using existing formulas, the microplastic pollution coefficient (MPCF) and pollution load index (MPLI) in kvass were estimated. Based on the MPCF calculation, moderate MPs pollution was found in the fermented beverage kvass. This study is the first to reveal the presence of MPs in kvass. The preliminary data on MPs contamination in kvass beverages provided by this study will help to further assess the potential risks to human health.