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Functional Electrospun Membranes From Renewable Lignin for Clean Air Applications
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Researchers developed sustainable lignin-based electrospun nanofibrous membranes incorporating triclosan for high-efficiency air filtration, demonstrating that renewable biopolymer-derived membranes can achieve antibacterial properties alongside effective capture of airborne particles including microplastics.
This study explores the fabrication of sustainable lignin‐based nanofibrous membranes with antibacterial properties, designed for high‐efficiency air filtration applications. By leveraging lignin, a renewable biopolymer, in combination with triclosan and synthetic polymers such as poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), electrospun fibres with enhanced filtration and antibacterial performance were developed. Morphological analysis revealed that the fibre diameters ranged from 0.05 to 0.209 μm, while pore sizes varied between 0.01 and 0.178 μm. These fine fibre structures and controlled pore sizes significantly enhanced filtration capabilities, achieving bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) and particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of 99.9%. Furthermore, the membranes exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with antibacterial values exceeding A > 4 (ISO 20743), demonstrating their ability to inhibit bacterial growth effectively. The addition of lignin improved fibre uniformity and mechanical stability while enhancing adsorption capacity, making the membranes highly efficient in capturing ultrafine particles, including viruses and PM2.5. These findings underscore the potential of lignin‐based membranes as eco‐friendly, biodegradable and high‐performance alternatives to conventional filtration materials, offering a sustainable solution to address environmental challenges associated with single‐use polypropylene filters and microplastic generation.
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Researchers developed bio-based electrospun membranes from polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate, with and without chitosan and activated carbon coatings, for removing micropollutants from water. The membranes achieved effective removal of target contaminants and represent a more sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic polymer filters.
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Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers from Biopolymer Blends and its Applications
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This PhD thesis covers the development of carbon nanofiber membranes from lignin — a renewable wood by-product — and includes a chapter demonstrating their ability to filter micro- and nanoplastics, dyes, and antibiotics from water. It is relevant to microplastics primarily as a remediation technology study rather than an exposure or toxicology study.
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