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Microplastic in the Inland Water Ecosystem of India

Earth and environmental sciences library 2025
A. Vasudeva Rao, Kumari Shikha, Jitender Singh Laura, Geeta Dhania

Summary

This review documented microplastic contamination in India's inland water systems — including rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater — identifying land-based pollution sources and assessing concentrations relative to international benchmarks. Inland freshwater contamination is particularly concerning because these systems supply drinking water and irrigation to hundreds of millions of people, creating direct human exposure routes.

Microplastics have been described as widely distributed and new emerging contaminants. Microplastics with land-based sources including domestic sewage, industrial runoff, and littering, were carried by rivers and streams mainly responsible for polluting the...

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