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Influence of Spacing on the Retention Process of Cascade Permeable Dams for Upstream Sediment-Laden Flow
Summary
Researchers conducted flume experiments to investigate how dam spacing affects sediment retention performance in cascade permeable dams, finding that larger dam spacing increased water level differences and that permeability coefficient declined by 30-40% during initial operation, informing optimal dam design for river sediment management.
Permeable dams are an important means for river management and ecology protection. Reasonable dam spacing will help regulate sediment transport and reduce sediment load in lakes. Flume experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of hydrological sediment conditions and dam spacing on sediment retention performance and permeability of the cascade permeable dams. The experimental results show that the permeability coefficient of the 1# dam decreased by about 30–40% with a large rate during the initial experiment stage. The decrease amplitude in the permeability coefficient and rising rate of the water level in front of the 1# dam for a large dam spacing (D/L) are positively correlated with the flow rate. At D/L = 5, the water level difference of 1# dam at the end of the experiment was significantly higher than that of other spacing. The sediment mass retained by 1# dam accounts for about 41–65% of the total sediment mass retained, which is about twice that of 2# dam, and plays a major role in cascade permeable dams. A mathematical model for predicting the spatial-temporal sediment concentration inside 1# dam is proposed based on the seepage theory of porous media. The research results are of great guiding significance for the design of the dam parameters.
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