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Life-cycle Assessment of Microplastics in the Environment

2025
Kassian T.T. Amesho, Sumarlin Shangdiar, Emmanuel Innocents Edoun, Abner Kukeyinge Shopati, Timoteus Kadhila, Sioni Iikela, Thandiwe Sithole, Chandra Mohan, Manoj Chandra Garg

Summary

This chapter applied life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to examine the full environmental impact of microplastics, from production through environmental release, covering ecological and human health impacts, methodological challenges of applying LCA to persistent pollutants, and knowledge gaps for future research.

This chapter presents a comprehensive examination of the environmental impacts of microplastics, with a focus on the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies. It begins by delineating the sources, distribution, and pathways of microplastics across various environmental compartments. The ecological and human health ramifications of microplastic contamination, including ingestion and bioaccumulation, are explored. Subsequently, the chapter elucidates the principles and techniques of LCA, encompassing its different types and stages. It delves into the challenges inherent in applying LCA to the dynamic and intricate nature of microplastics. Moreover, the chapter underscores the pivotal role of LCA in guiding microplastics management strategies and informing policy decisions. By elucidating the potential benefits and limitations of LCA studies in this context, the chapter emphasizes the imperative of integrating LCA into efforts aimed at fostering sustainability in microplastics management practices and product development.

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