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Ecotoxicological Impact of Microplastics in the Environment
Summary
This chapter reviews the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics across environmental compartments, covering impacts on bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, and mammals. The study highlights how microplastics act as vectors for transporting contaminants and emphasizes the need for effective strategies to limit their harmful environmental effects.
Microplastics (MPs) are small plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size that have become a major concern due to their ability to harm the environment. These particles can be consumed by a wide variety of aquatic organisms, resulting plethora of adverse effects. Acting as a vector they can transfer and cause the bioavailability of several contaminants in different environmental compartments. The aim of this chapter is to examine the eco-toxicological effects of MPs in the environment. This includes its origin, fate, and distribution, as well as their toxicological impacts on bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, and mammals. Furthermore, the potential risks of MPs on human health also discussed. This chapter highlights the necessity of better understanding the impact of MPs on the environment, as well as the need for effective ways to limit their detrimental effects.