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SERS Detection of Hydrophobic Molecules: Thio-β-Cyclodextrin-Driven Rapid Self-Assembly of Uniform Silver Nanoparticle Monolayers and Analyte Trapping
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A thio-β-cyclodextrin-mediated self-assembly protocol created compact silver nanoparticle monolayers at oil/water interfaces within 40 seconds, enabling high-sensitivity SERS detection of hydrophobic molecules by entrapping analytes within plasmonic hotspots.
High-sensitivity and repeatable detection of hydrophobic molecules through the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique is a tough challenge because of their weak adsorption and non-uniform distribution on SERS substrates. In this research, we present a simple self-assembly protocol for monolayer SERS mediated by 6-deoxy-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin (β-CD-SH). This protocol allows for the rapid assembly of a compact silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) monolayer at the oil/water interface within 40 s, while entrapping analyte molecules within hotspots. The proposed method shows general applicability for detecting hydrophobic molecules, exemplified as Nile blue, Nile red, fluconazole, carbendazim, benz[a]anthracene, and bisphenol A. The detection limits range from 10-6to 10-9 M, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of signal intensity are less than 10%. Moreover, this method was used to investigate the release behaviors of a hydrophobic pollutant (Nile blue) adsorbed on the nanoplastic surface in the water environment. The results suggest that elevated temperatures, increased salinities, and the coexistence of fulvic acid promote the release of Nile blue. This simple and fast protocol overcomes the difficulties related to hotspot accessibility and detection repeatability for hydrophobic analytes, holding out extensive application prospects in environmental monitoring and chemical analysis.
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Plasmonic Coacervate as a Droplet-Based SERS Platform for Rapid Enrichment and Microanalysis of Hydrophobic Payloads
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Researchers developed a coacervate microdroplet platform incorporating silver nanoparticles as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for detecting and quantifying trace hydrophobic contaminants, including those associated with microplastics. The platform demonstrated effective enrichment and sensitive detection of hydrophobic analytes, offering a droplet-based approach for microplastic-associated pollutant analysis.
Co-Self-AssembledMonolayer Enables Sensitive SERSDetection of Nanoplastics via Spontaneous Hotspot Entrapment
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Researchers developed a SERS detection strategy for nanoplastics using co-self-assembly of silver nanoparticles and nanoplastic particles into a monolayer, enabling 90% of nanoplastics in solution to transfer to the monolayer within 30 seconds and become uniformly entrapped in plasmonic hotspots. The method achieved quantitative detection of 80, 300, and 800 nm polystyrene nanoplastics in the range of 0.01-2 mg/L with a detection limit in the microgram-per-litre range.
Co-Self-Assembled Monolayer Enables Sensitive SERS Detection of Nanoplastics via Spontaneous Hotspot Entrapment
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Researchers developed a new detection method that can identify and measure nanoplastics at concentrations as low as 0.01 micrograms per milliliter by trapping the tiny particles within a single layer of silver nanoparticles. The technique uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering, which amplifies the chemical signal of nanoplastics that are spontaneously captured in the detection hotspots. This approach offers a faster and more sensitive way to monitor nanoplastic pollution in water compared to existing methods.
Hydrophobicity-driven self-assembly of nanoplastics and silver nanoparticles for the detection of polystyrene microspheres using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
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Researchers developed a highly sensitive method for detecting nanoplastic particles using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on a super-hydrophobic (water-repelling) surface that concentrates the particles into a small spot. The technique detected polystyrene nanoplastics at concentrations as low as 0.5 mg/L, far below what conventional approaches can achieve. Better detection tools for nanoplastics are urgently needed since these ultra-small particles are the hardest to find yet potentially the most biologically hazardous fraction of plastic pollution.
Optically Controlled Aggregation of Gold Nanorods for Ultrasensitive in-Liquid Sensing: From Biomolecules to Nano-Plastics
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Researchers used radiation pressure to control in-situ aggregation of gold nanorods, enabling ultrasensitive SERS-based detection of biomolecules and nanoplastics in liquid environments at trace concentrations.
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