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SEBARAN SAMPAH LAUT (Marine Debris) DI PANTAI PASAR KOTABENGKULU
Summary
Researchers quantified and characterized marine litter (macro and mesoscale) at Pasar Beach in Bengkulu, Indonesia, using line transect methods. Plastic waste was the dominant macro litter component, followed by wood, rubber, and paper, with oceanographic factors including currents and tidal patterns influencing debris distribution patterns along the coastline.
Kota Bengkulu yang terletak di pesisir barat Pulau Sumatra dan berbatasan langsung dengan Samudera Hindia memiliki potensi tinggi terhadap akumulasi sampah laut akibat aktivitas manusia dan faktor alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan un- tuk mengidentifikasi jenis serta menganalisis kelimpahan sampah laut di Pantai Pasar, Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Januari hingga Februari 2024 dengan metode transek garis berukuran 5x5 m2 untuk sampah makro dan 1x1 m2 untuk sampah meso. Data oseanografi berupa arus laut, dan pasang surut serta data cuaca curah hujan juga dikumpulkan sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah plastik merupakan komponen dominan pada sampah makro, diikuti oleh sampah kayu, karet, kertas/ kardus, dan bahan lainnya. Sementara itu, sampah meso didominasi oleh sampah kayu dan plastik. Kelimpahan sampah makro berkisar antara 2,39-2,64 item/m2 tanpa perbedaan signifikan antar bulan, sedangkan sampah meso menunjukkan variasi signifikan dengan kisaran 0,64-1,04 item/m2. Secara spasial, tidak terdapat perbedaan signi- fikan antar stasiun untuk kedua jenis sampah, dengan kisaran makro 2,27-2,82 item/m2 dan meso 0,76-0,89 item/m2. Faktor pola arus laut dan curah hujan ber- peran penting dalam distribusi dan akumulasi sampah laut, yang cenderung ter- sebar merata di lokasi penelitian. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya pengelolaan sampah terpadu berbasis ekosistem pesisir untuk mencegah peningkatan pence- maran di wilayah pesisir Kota Bengkulu. Kata kunci: Kelimpahan, Sampah Laut, Pantai Pasar Bengkulu Bengkulu City, located on the western coast of Sumatra Island and dir- ectly bordering the Indian Ocean, had a high potential for marine debris accumu- lation due to human activities and natural factors. This study aimed to identify the types and analyze the abundance of marine debris at Pasar Beach, Bengkulu City. The research was conducted from January to February 2024 using a line transect method measuring 5×5 m2 for macro debris and 1×1 m2 for meso debris. Oceanographic data such as ocean currents and tides, as well as weather data on rainfall, were also collected as supporting data. The results showed that plastic waste was the dominant component of macro debris, followed by wood, rubber, paper/cardboard, and other materials. Meanwhile, meso debris was dominated by wood and plastic. The abundance of macro debris ranged from 2.39 to 2.64 items/m2 with no significant difference between months, whereas meso debris showed significant variation, ranging from 0.64 to 1.04 items/m2. Spatially, there was no significant difference between stations for both debris types, with macro debris ranging from 2.27 to 2.82 items/m2 and meso debris from 0.76 to 0.89 items/m2. Ocean current patterns and rainfall played an important role in the dis- tribution and accumulation of marine debris, which tended to be evenly disper- sed across the study area. These findings highlighted the importance of inte- grated waste management based on coastal ecosystem approaches to prevent further pollution in the coastal areas of Bengkulu City. Keywords: Abundance, Marine Debris, Pasar Beach Bengkulu
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