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Changes in microplastic-associated bacterial communities along a salinity gradient in Central Anatolian lakes of Türkiye
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Researchers examined bacterial communities growing on microplastic surfaces across 11 Turkish lakes spanning a wide range of salinity levels. They found that Pseudomonadaceae bacteria dominated the microplastic biofilms, and several salt-tolerant pathogenic species were detected on plastic surfaces even in highly saline lakes. The study highlights that microplastics can serve as vehicles for potentially harmful bacteria across diverse freshwater environments.
Abstract Lakes face anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, salinization, and eutrophication, and microplastics (MPs) now emerge as a new concern since they act as vectors for pathogenic bacteria, giving rise to concern about environmental health. This study explores cultivable viable bacterial (CVB) biofilm communities on MPs along a salinity gradient (0.25 to 192.69‰) in 11 lakes in Türkiye. The MPs consisted mainly of fibers and 50-µm to 5-mm-sized fragments. The dominant cultivable bacterial phyla in both MP-associated biofilms and lake water were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes . On MPs, Pseudomonadaceae was the dominant family (94.7%), followed by Enterobacteriaceae (1.2%). Various halolerant pathogens occurred as well, e.g., Proteus spp. strains on MP surfaces in Lake Bolluk (95.7‰) and Alcaligenes spp. in Lake Tuz, the two lakes with the highest salinity, while the halophilic Shewanella putrefaciens was prevalent in highly alkaline Lake Salda. Staphylococcus , Commomonas , and Enterobacter were found in all lakes regardless of salinity level, and CVB strains were more common on MPs surfaces than in lake water. Our findings suggest that MPs promote the development, dispersion, and bioavailability of bacteria, including pathogens, thus increasing ecological and health-related impacts in lakes under different salinity conditions.
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