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Abstracts of the 83rd Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia
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This collection presents abstracts from the 83rd Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia, covering diverse research topics including extremophile microalgae cultivation, chitosan effects on fungal growth, sex-limited experimental evolution, transcription start site mapping methods, and microplastic monitoring. The abstracts represent a broad range of biological, environmental, and molecular biology research presented at the annual conference.
Kolesovs S., Rudzitis E., Strazdina I., Vigants A.Cultivation of the extremophile microalga Galdieria sulphuraria in concentrated whey permeate Kampuss M., Irbe I.Impact of chitosan on mycelial growth of Trametes versicolor Cīrulis A., Ramnath V., Abbott J.K.Effects of sex-limited experimental evolution on a hermaphrodite: focus on sex-biased genome regions Perminov D., Makarenkova G., Gavars D., Gavars V., Muiznieks I.Universal 5’-RACE method for mapping transcription start sites of eukaryotic and prokaryotic genes, as well as 5’ UTRs of RNA viruses Bebre E., Ķibilds J., Cīrulis A.Monitoring antibiotic resistance genes in urban wastewater – a pilot study Grīnberga L., Jēkabsone J., Ozoliņš D., Skuja A., Vizule-Kahovska L.“Sandy riffles” as potential subtype of freshwater habitat 3260 “Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation” Ulme K., Kaktiņa E., Sinn B.T., Borodušķe A., Ņečajeva J.Extraction of seed material from soil samples and comparison of DNA extraction methods for detecting loose silky bent (Apera spica-venti) seeds in soil Revina O., Revins V., Avsejenko J., Cīrule D., Purviņa S., Bertaite Ž., Medne R., Valdovska A.Risk assessment of bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. in sea trout and Baltic salmon spawners from the Venta River Jauga K., Vieira Pereira S., Rubina M., Muter O.Exploring the growth substrates for stimulating the plastic-degrading potential of the novel isolate Bacillus sp. GPS-5.6 Gärtling L., Rubina M., Jauga K., Muter O.Microplastics inhibitory effect on microbial activity of activated sludge demonstrated by urease and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis Kotova A., Orlovskis Z., Jae-Lee S.Characterization of novel isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from Latvian soils Rubina M., Vieira Pereira S., Selga T., Broka A., Abdurasulova S., Muter O.Physiological response of the bacterial consortium GPS-2024 towards physico-chemically pre-treated microplastics Maršalkienė N.Microbial plant stimulants on the Lithuanian market
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Fungal chitosan in focus: a comprehensive review on extraction methods and applications
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Researchers reviewed fungal-derived chitosan as a biodegradable plastic alternative for food packaging, highlighting advantages over marine-sourced chitosan — including lower mineral content, year-round supply, and reduced microplastic contamination risk — alongside advances in extraction techniques such as deep eutectic solvents and enzymatic processing.
Microplastic pollution and eco-friendly approaches to microplastic degradation: the role of fungal enzymes in a sustainable future
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This review evaluates how fungi and their enzymes—including laccases, peroxidases, lipases, and cutinases—can degrade synthetic plastic polymers through hydrolytic and oxidative mechanisms, positioning fungal biotechnology as a promising sustainable approach to plastic waste remediation. Developing enzyme-based degradation pathways offers a potential strategy for breaking down microplastics already dispersed in the environment, where physical removal methods are largely ineffective.
Reports of Actinomycetes to Degrade Microplastic
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Researchers reviewed the ability of Actinomycetes — a group of soil-dwelling bacteria — to enzymatically break down various types of microplastics in the environment. These microbes show promise as a natural bioremediation tool for plastic-contaminated soils and water bodies.
Achievements in the production of bioplastics from microalgae
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Researchers reviewed progress in producing bioplastics from microalgae as a more sustainable alternative to petrochemical plastics, which break down into persistent microplastics. Microalgae grow rapidly and require less land than other biomass sources, making them a promising but still technically challenging option for reducing plastic pollution.
Micro- and Mesoplastic Monitoring on Beaches: Understanding Seasonal and Spatial Distribution Patterns
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Researchers monitored microplastic abundance and composition across 11 Latvian Baltic Sea beaches over four seasons from autumn 2022 to summer 2023, finding that seasonal climate patterns and proximity to the Gulf of Riga influence both microplastic load and spatial distribution along the northeastern European coastline.
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