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Technologies for Polymer Identification and Monitoring of Microplastics Distribution
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This chapter reviews the full toolkit of analytical techniques used to identify and monitor microplastics across environmental matrices, covering FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, Pyrolysis-GC/MS, and fluorescence microscopy. It also discusses cutting-edge nanoplastic detection methods and emerging monitoring technologies including aerial surveys.
The burgeoning threat of ubiquitous microplastic (MP) contamination across water, air, and soil necessitates a sophisticated analytical toolbox. This chapter delves into the various methods employed to identify and characterize persistent pollutants associated with MPs. It meticulously dissects instrumental techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), Raman Spectroscopy, Rapid screening/fluorescent microscopy, Solid–liquid–liquid microextraction (μSLLE) and Elemental Analyzer/Isotope Ratio Mass. Spectrometry (EA/IRMS) enables detailed identification and differentiation. Furthermore, it delves into cutting-edge technologies for measuring nano-microplastics and deciphering their size, morphology, and chemical compositions. To effectively monitor marine MPs, established programs employing aerial surveys, thermodegradation methods and spatio-temporal coastal monitoring are appraised. The chapter expands, exploring remote sensing, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)- based monitoring, Geographic Information System (GIS) coupled with 3D modeling and future GIS applications, emphasizing the multifaceted approach needed to tackle the intricate challenges posed by ubiquitous MP contamination.
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Analytical and Detection Techniques for Microplastics
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This chapter reviewed analytical and detection techniques for microplastics across environmental matrices, covering sampling strategies, separation methods, and identification tools including FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, with discussion of their sensitivity, cost, and suitability for different environmental monitoring applications.
Characterization Techniques for Quantifying Environmental Microplastics
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This book chapter reviews the analytical methods used to detect, identify, and quantify microplastics across different environmental media — water, sediment, air, and biota — covering techniques like FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. A standardized, well-validated toolkit for characterizing microplastics is foundational to producing comparable data across the thousands of studies now being conducted worldwide.
Current techniques for identifying, quantifying, and characterizing micro and nanoplastics with emphasis on strengths, limitations, and challenges
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Researchers reviewed current analytical techniques for identifying, quantifying, and characterizing micro- and nanoplastics across environmental matrices. The review highlights the strengths and limitations of methods including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-GC/MS, and calls for standardization to improve comparability across studies.
Analytical tools in advancing microplastics research for identification and quantification across environmental media: from sample to insight
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Researchers reviewed the analytical tools most commonly used for identifying and quantifying microplastics, focusing on FTIR and Raman spectroscopy as the two primary methods. The review compared their strengths and limitations and provided guidance for choosing between them based on particle size, sample matrix, and research objectives.
Multi-analytical approaches for the identification of microplastics in various environmental matrices
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This review evaluated multiple analytical techniques — including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-GC/MS — for identifying microplastics in diverse environmental matrices such as water, sediment, biota, and air. Researchers found that a multi-method approach is necessary because no single technique performs equally well across all sample types and particle sizes.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.