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Nivel de aceptación de los tipos de agua envasada en la ciudad de Guayaquil
Summary
Researchers investigated consumer acceptance, preferences, and risk perceptions around bottled water consumption in Guayaquil, Ecuador, where distrust of tap water has driven significant growth in the bottled water market. Using a quantitative descriptive approach with adults over 18, the study identified key sociodemographic, consumption habit, and brand preference factors influencing purchasing decisions.
Este estudio analiza la aceptación y percepción del consumo de agua envasada en Guayaquil, Ecuador, donde la desconfianza en el agua del grifo ha impulsado el crecimiento del mercado embotellado. El objetivo fue identificar las preferencias de los consumidores, los factores que influyen en sus decisiones y las implicaciones sociales y ambientales del consumo. Mediante un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional, se encuestó a adultos mayores de 18 años. Se recopilaron datos sobre perfil sociodemográfico, hábitos de consumo, percepción de riesgo, preferencias de marca y conciencia ambiental. Los resultados muestran que el 83,8 % consume agua envasada, con una fuerte preferencia por el agua purificada, asociada a seguridad y limpieza. Aunque el 61,7 % se siente seguro al consumirla, solo el 51,5 % confía plenamente en su calidad. El 84,7 % está dispuesto a pagar más por pureza garantizada y el 75,5 % valora envases reciclables, especialmente entre jóvenes. Las marcas más reconocidas fueron Dasani, All Natural y Pure Water. Los criterios de elección más importantes fueron calidad, sabor, precio y pureza. En conclusión, el agua embotellada no solo cumple una función práctica, sino que representa un símbolo de salud, estatus y seguridad. Sin embargo, su consumo creciente plantea tensiones entre el derecho al agua, la sostenibilidad y la equidad ambiental. La mercantilización de un recurso esencial exige fortalecer la confianza en el sistema público, regular la industria embotelladora y fomentar el consumo responsable. Este estudio resalta la necesidad de políticas integrales que aborden tanto la dimensión técnica como sociocultural del acceso al agua en contextos urbanos.
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