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Article Tier 2 Human Health Effects Nanoplastics Remediation Sign in to save

Tiny trouble: microplastics, nanoplastics, and their heartfelt impact on cardiovascular health

Cardiovascular Research 2025 10 citations

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This review summarizes growing evidence that microplastics and nanoplastics have been found in human heart tissue, arterial plaques, and blood, and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lab studies show these particles can damage blood vessel walls, disrupt cholesterol processing, trigger inflammation, and promote blood clot formation, raising serious concerns about heart health.

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Study Type In vivo

Microplastics and nanoplastics are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that pose significant health risks. Several studies have reported the presence of these particles in various human tissues, including the heart, arterial plaques, and bloodstream of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Emerging research suggests an association between these particles and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal that micro- and nanoplastics induce endothelial cell toxicity, disrupt lipid metabolism, promote oxidative stress, and facilitate foam cell formation, thereby exacerbating atherosclerosis. Furthermore, they activate inflammatory pathways, compromising vascular barrier integrity. These particles also influence coagulation dynamics by altering clotting cascade activation and promoting thrombus formation. Additionally, they induce haemolysis, alter red blood cell morphology, and impair immune cell functions, including those of macrophages and lymphocytes, by modulating cytokine secretion and inflammatory responses. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for devising effective public health strategies to mitigate the cardiovascular impact of micro- and nanoplastics.

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