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Systematic Review ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 1 ? Systematic review or meta-analysis. Synthesizes findings across many studies. Strongest evidence. Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

The potential of microplastics acting as vector for triclosan in aquatic environments

Aquatic Toxicology 2025 4 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 68 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Naveen Chand, Naveen Chand, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Naveen Chand, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Naveen Chand, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Naveen Chand, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Naveen Chand, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Naveen Chand, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause Stefan Krause

Summary

This systematic review found that microplastics can act as vectors for triclosan (an antibacterial agent) in aquatic environments, transporting it across trophic levels through hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic forces. The co-occurrence of microplastics and triclosan amplifies their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms beyond their individual effects.

Study Type Review

There is increased evidence of the co-occurrence of microplastics (MPs) with other co-pollutants in surface water globally, leading to ecological and environmental concerns. The risks and toxicity of co-occurring pollutants largely depend on the mechanisms controlling the activation of their various sources, their fate and transport in different environmental media. Due to their size-specific surface area, MPs in the environment can have a strong affinity for interactions with hydrophobic compounds and have a high sorption capacity for various emerging contaminants (ECs). ECs like the antibacterial and antifungal agent such as Triclosan (TCS) are persistent in the environment. Moreover, TCS in aquatic environments has a low solubility, and high octanol-water partitioning co-efficient which raises the possibility of TCS to interact with other environmental pollutants such as MPs. The interactions of TCS with MPs in the environment are controlled by a range of mechanism such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, π-π interactions as well as electrostatic interactions. The interacting behaviour of these driving forces needs to be fully understood to determine how the co-occurrence of TCS and MPs may lead to adverse effects on the biological functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Hence, here we conduct a systematic review of the current state-of-the-art and synthesize the available knowledge of how MPs can act as vectors for TCS in aquatic environments. This review reveals MP and TCS interactions in aquatic ecosystems, their individual and collective fate, and toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms, evidencing that MPs can act as potential vectors for transporting TCS across different trophic levels. This review also reveals critical limitations in the research of the combined toxicity and interactions of co-occurring MPs and TCS. Based on the rigorous review of the current knowledge base, we propose that multifactorious investigations along with long-terms monitoring are crucial to fully understand the impacts of co-occurring MPs and TCS in aquatic systems to underline future mitigation policies and management plans.

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