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Green Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-Ti Mixed Nanoparticles for Enhanced Lead Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Summary
Researchers developed iron-titanium mixed oxide nanoparticles using an environmentally friendly synthesis method and tested their ability to remove lead from water. The nanoparticles achieved up to 98.1% lead removal efficiency and could be regenerated and reused for multiple treatment cycles. While not directly about microplastics, this green nanotechnology approach addresses the broader challenge of removing persistent contaminants from water.
Heavy metal contamination in water resources presents a significant environmental and public health challenge, with lead being particularly concerning due to its toxicity and persistence. This study reports the green synthesis of Fe-Ti mixed oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using dextrose as a green source and investigates their effectiveness in lead removal from aqueous solutions. The synthesized NPs were characterized using XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM-EDS, and BET analysis, revealing an amorphous structure with a high surface area (292.89 m2 g-1) and mesoporous characteristics. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of mixed Fe3+/Fe2+ valence states in a Ti4+-rich framework, creating diverse binding sites for lead adsorption. The material exhibited optimal lead removal at pH 5, with adsorption following pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 > 0.99) and a Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.98). Maximum adsorption capacity reached 25.10 mg g-1 at 40 °C, showing endothermic behavior. The low point of zero charge (PZC, 0.22) and surface hydroxyl groups enabled efficient lead binding possibly through multiple mechanisms. Dose optimization studies established 6 g L-1 as the optimal adsorbent concentration. The synergistic combination of iron's affinity for heavy metals and titanium's structural stability, coupled with environmentally friendly synthesis, resulted in a promising material for sustainable water treatment applications.
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