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Perspective: A Sandwich Encapsulation Strategy to Mitigate PCM‐Based Microplastic Generation from Fibrous Materials

Advanced Sustainable Systems 2026
Kai Yang, Lin Liu, Lin Liu, Guocheng Zhu, Jiri Militky, Mohanapriya Venkataraman, Juming Yao, Juming Yao

Summary

This perspective article proposes a 'sandwich encapsulation' design for phase change materials embedded in textiles, aimed at preventing the leakage of polymer microparticles from thermal-management fabrics. It is relevant to microplastic pollution because fibrous phase change materials are a largely overlooked source of microplastic emissions from technical textiles, and the proposed design offers an engineering solution.

ABSTRACT Phase change materials (PCMs) embedded in fibrous materials offer significant benefits of thermal management for various applications. However, the complex structure and lifecycle of phase change fibrous material (PCFM) exacerbate PCM‐based microplastic generation. As regulations targeting microplastics from textiles emerge globally (e.g., EU initiatives) and consumer demand for sustainable products surges, reconciling the functional advantages of PCFM with environmental footprint is paramount. The perspective not only re‐examines the PCM‐based microplastic generation from PCFM but also offers solutions for PCFM development in the context of microplastic reduction. Especially, a sandwich fibrous phase change material encapsulation (SFPCME) is notable to avoid PCM leakage under various situation, presenting a significant potential to avoid PCM‐based microplastic generation.

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