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Presence of Microplastics in Tilapia Culture Water
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Researchers tested water from 10 tilapia fish farms in Veracruz, Mexico, checking water sources, ponds, and outflow water for microplastics. Most particles found were fibers, and microplastics appeared more often and in higher amounts in the outflow water than in the source water or ponds.
Objective: To evaluate the presence of microplastics in water from tilapia aquaculture farms located in the central region of the state of Veracruz. Design/methodology/approach: Water samples were collected from three points at each of 10 farms: the water source, culture ponds, and effluents. Each sample consisted of 3 L of water collected in glass bottles. Microplastics (MPs) were extracted by digesting the organic matter with 30% H₂O₂, followed by filtration through 4 µm cellulose filters and examination under a stereoscopic microscope. The particles were subsequently classified according to type, color, and size. Results: A total of 98 MP particles were isolated. Fibers were the predominant type (90%), followed by fragments (9%) and foams (1%). MPs were detected in 50% of the water-source and pond samples and in 90% of the effluent samples. Concentrations were highest in the effluents, with blue, black, and transparent fibers being the most abundant. Limitations on study/implications: The limited sample volume of 3 L may have led to an underestimation of the actual abundance of MPs. Furthermore, because each farm operates independently, the results may not be representative of all aquaculture farms in the region. Findings/conclusions: MPs are present in tilapia aquaculture systems, predominantly in effluents and mainly in the form of fibers. These findings expand the current understanding of the potential risks associated with MPs in aquaculture and underscore the need to strengthen good management practices and promote intersectoral collaboration to ensure the safety and sustainability of production.
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