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Circular Economy Implementation in Plastic Waste Management in Bangladesh: A Comprehensive Study Through Policy, Innovation, and Stakeholder Engagement

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Researchers interviewed government, industry, academic and community representatives in Bangladesh about plastic waste management, and reviewed policy documents and international examples. The study identified challenges like poor sorting infrastructure and weak enforcement, and proposed a framework involving waste pickers, recycling investment, and producer responsibility rules.

Plastic waste management is a critical challenge for Bangladesh, exacerbated by inadequate infrastructure, limited public awareness, weak enforcement of regulations, and socio-economic constraints. These issues contribute to severe environmental and social impacts, including pollution, flooding, and health hazards. To address these problems, this research aims to develop a context-specific Circular Economy model for sustainable plastic waste management, focusing on policy innovation, stakeholder engagement, and technological solutions. A qualitative research approach was employed, integrating primary and secondary data collection. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted with representatives from government, industry, academia, and civil society. Thematic analysis was used to extract insights from interviews, while content analysis of policy documents and international case studies provided comparative perspectives. Findings revealed significant challenges such as inadequate waste sorting infrastructure, public awareness gaps, and enforcement hurdles. However, promising opportunities include the integration of informal waste pickers, investment in recycling technologies, and implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes. This study proposes a comprehensive Circular Economy framework, emphasizing collaboration among stakeholders, regulatory reforms, and the adoption of sustainable practices. The framework outlines strategies for improving plastic waste management infrastructure, fostering behavioral change, and promoting eco-friendly alternatives. Future research should explore quantitative evaluations of the proposed framework's effectiveness, the economic feasibility of implementing recycling technologies, and the socio-economic impacts of formalizing informal waste sectors. Such studies can further refine the model and support its application in other developing countries facing similar challenges.

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