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Microplastic Abundance in Water and Sediments in the Opak River Estuary, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta
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Researchers tested water and sediment samples from the Opak River Estuary in Indonesia for tiny plastic particles called microplastics. Microplastics were found in every sample, with higher amounts in sediment than in water. Most particles were fragment-shaped and black in color.
Microplastic pollution in estuarine environments has attracted growing attention due to the persistence, widespread distribution, and potential ecological impacts of plastic particles. This study aimed to assess the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in water and sediment at the Opak River Estuary, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted at five stations representing different environmental gradients under ebb and flood tide conditions. Water and surface sediment samples were analyzed using particle-based approaches. Microplastics were extracted through organic matter removal, density separation, and filtration, and subsequently identified based on shape, size, and color. Microplastics were detected in all water and sediment samples. Mean microplastic abundances were 1,221.6 particles/kg in sediment and 39.8 particles/L in water. In the water samples, mean microplastic abundance was higher under the sampled flood condition (56.4 particles/L) than under the sampled ebb condition (25 particles/L); this difference describes the sampling observations and does not establish a consistent tidal pattern. Fragments were the dominant shape in both water and sediment, while black was the most frequently observed color.
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Occurrence and Distribution of MicroplasticsPollution in Surface Water and Sedimentsof Opak River, Yogyakarta
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This study quantified microplastics in surface water (4.15–12.3 particles/L) and sediments (960–3,080 particles/kg dry weight) at six sampling points along the Opak River in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Fragment shapes dominated, with black coloration most common, and FTIR analysis identified polystyrene, HDPE, polycarbonate, and nylon as the main polymer types present.
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