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Physical Methods of Microplastic Separation: Coagulation, Adsorption and Filtration
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This book chapter summarizes existing research on physical methods, such as coagulation, adsorption and filtration, that can remove microplastics from water, soil and waste treatment systems. It discusses how well these methods work, how they function, and their limitations, noting these approaches could help address growing microplastic pollution.
The increasing accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments, soils, and sediments represents one of the most persistent and difficult-to-treat forms of environmental pollution. Physical separation methods such as coagulation, adsorption, and filtration, have proven to be technically viable and operationally compatible with existing water and waste treatment infrastructure. Removal efficiency depends on a thorough understanding of mechanisms, operating conditions, and inherent limitations of these methods. These features are explained in this chapter, considering moving toward effective approaches for controlling microplastics diffuse pollution, whose environmental and health significance will continue to grow in the coming decades.
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