0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Policy & Risk Remediation Sign in to save

The Biodegradation of Plastic by Microorganisms

2025 Score: 38 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Bilel Hassen, Wafa Hassen, Abdennaceur Hassen

Summary

This review examines how the chemical composition of plastics influences their susceptibility to biodegradation by microorganisms, discussing the diverse biophysical-chemical properties of synthetic polymers that affect microbial degradation rates across different environmental contexts.

The degradation of plastics by microorganisms is influenced by their chemical composition. Plastics possess a wide range of biophysical-chemical properties that make them appealing for various applications across different industries and essential in numerous high-tech sectors. Plastic, a manmade material composed of macromolecules produced through polymerization or polycondensation, offers advantages such as low density and versatility in interacting with chemical substances and microorganisms. However, it also comes with drawbacks like poor fire resistance, tendency to break down into microplastics, leading to their spread in the environment, and an extended lifespan lasting for centuries. This durability is due to the high resistance of plastics to biological breakdown. Research efforts have concentrated on identifying microbial strains, whether individually or in consortia, that are capable and efficient under optimal conditions for effectively converting and degrading plastic, alongside the introduction of new biodegradable plastics into the market and instituting strict regulations.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Biodegradation of typical plastics and its mechanisms

This review summarizes the mechanisms by which common plastic types are broken down by bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in the environment. Despite their chemical stability, many plastics can be degraded — though slowly — with the pace depending on environmental conditions and plastic type. The paper provides a foundation for developing faster biodegradation strategies to reduce plastic pollution.

Article Tier 2

Characteristic Features of Plastic Microbial Degradation

This book chapter reviews the characteristics of microbial plastic degradation, covering the enzymes, metabolic pathways, and environmental conditions that affect breakdown rates for different polymer types. Understanding microbial degradation mechanisms is foundational to developing biological solutions for microplastic pollution.

Article Tier 2

Biodegradation of macro- and micro-plastics in environment: A review on mechanism, toxicity, and future perspectives.

This review examined mechanisms, toxicology, and future perspectives for biodegradation of macro- and micro-plastics, cataloguing microbial species capable of polymer degradation, discussing enzymatic pathways, and identifying key limitations including slow degradation rates and the need for pretreatment to accelerate breakdown in environmental settings.

Article Tier 2

Microbial degradation of plastic-A brief review

This review examined microbial degradation of plastics, surveying known plastic-degrading bacteria and fungi and the enzymes they produce, while acknowledging that degradation rates in natural environments remain extremely slow and that biotechnology approaches to accelerating biodegradation require further development.

Article Tier 2

Review on the Biological Degradation of Polymers in Various Environments

This review provides an overview of how biodegradable plastics degrade under different environmental conditions including soil, freshwater, marine, and composting environments. It finds that biodegradability is a material property strongly dependent on environmental conditions, and that many so-called biodegradable plastics degrade far more slowly in nature than in controlled test conditions.

Share this paper