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Microplastic Pollution in the Aquatic Environment

2025
Pablo Emilio Escamilla-García, Ana Lilia Coria Páez, Blanca Lorena Martínez Vargas, Alain R. Picos-Benítez, Carmen Patricia Paredes Marroquín

Summary

This book chapter surveys microplastic pollution in North American aquatic environments, reviewing contamination levels in rivers, lakes, and coastal waters and discussing human health exposure through drinking water and seafood consumption.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a pressing global environmental issue, posing threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. This chapter provides a thorough examination of MP pollution in North American aquatic environments, highlighting its ecological and health implications. It explores the effects on aquatic organisms, food webs, and ecosystem functioning, as well as the risks of ingestion and bioaccumulation by biota and the transfer of associated contaminants up the food chain. Additionally, it evaluates water bodies affected, regulatory frameworks, management strategies, and research programs aimed at mitigating MP pollution in each country. By analyzing these aspects, this chapter contributes to understanding the challenges of MP contamination and informs evidence-based policies for prevention and control. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches and international collaboration to safeguard aquatic ecosystems for future generations.

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