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Microplastics in the Mediterranean Sea
Summary
This book chapter reviews the state of microplastic pollution in the Mediterranean Sea, which despite its relatively small size ranks as the sixth-worst global hotspot for marine litter accumulation. Rivers are identified as major pollution pathways, though data on riverine inputs remain patchy. The chapter also reviews legislation from the countries bordering the Mediterranean and international agreements aimed at reducing plastic pollution. It concludes that a comprehensive response requires better monitoring, stronger regulation, and coordinated international action.
The Mediterranean Sea, despite its smaller size in comparison to major oceanic gyres, stands as the sixth-highest global hotspot for marine litter accumulation, marked by concerning microplastic concentrations and widespread reports of ingestion across various trophic levels. This chapter delves into this intricate problem, providing a thorough examination of its sources, pathways, and ecological repercussions. Notably, rivers emerge as significant contributors to marine pollution, yet there remains a dearth of comprehensive data on riverine contamination, emphasizing the pressing need for further research. Additionally, legislative efforts by nations bordering the Mediterranean are discussed, shedding light on international and regional agreements aimed at mitigating plastic pollution on a broader scale. Overall, this work underscores the urgency of a holistic approach to address plastic pollution in the Mediterranean, involving enhanced research, stringent regulations, and global cooperation.