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Microplastics in intravenous fluids: Occurrence, characterization, and risk indicators

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 2026
Zehra Özçi̇fçi̇, Burhan Başaran, Hakkı Türker Akçay

Summary

Scientists tested 50 IV fluid bags for tiny plastic particles and found most were clean, but a handful contained trace amounts of microplastics. The levels detected were low enough to be considered low-risk overall, so IV fluids currently appear safe, but as more medical products get tested for microplastic contamination, this is a quality issue worth continuing to monitor.

In this study, the presence of microplastics was investigated in a total of 50 commercially available intravenous fluid samples in Türkiye, and ATR/FT-IR spectroscopy was used for particle identification. As a result of the analyses, microplastic contamination was detected in only 9 samples. Considering all samples examined, the average amount of microplastics was calculated as 0.40 ± 0.90 MP/L. Accordingly, microplastic exposure associated with the single-use administration of intravenous fluids (all samples) was determined to be approximately 0.20 MPs per unit. While the microplastic diversity index indicated very limited diversity at 0.02 ± 0.11, the average polymeric risk index was 5.64 ± 18.2, indicating a low overall risk level. The average pollution load index for all samples was 1.06, corresponding to a moderate contamination level. The findings show that intravenous fluids generally exhibit a safe profile; however, microplastics represent an increasingly important quality and exposure parameter in medical products that should be monitored.

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