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Dataset belonging to " A Comprehensive Methodology for Estimating Yearly Plastic Pollution Loads in Rivers"

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2026
Stephanie B. Oswald, Esmee S. Oldenhof, Ad M.J. Ragas, Margriet M. Schoor, F.P.L. Collas

Summary

Scientists developed a new way to measure how much plastic trash flows through rivers each year, and tested it on the Rhine and Meuse rivers in the Netherlands. They found hundreds of millions of plastic pieces flow through these rivers annually, with more plastic entering from neighboring countries than staying in the water further downstream — likely because it settles, breaks down, or washes ashore along the way. This matters because rivers are a major pathway for plastic (including the smaller fragments that can end up in our food and water) to reach the ocean, so better tracking tools like this one can help target cleanup efforts and reduce pollution before it

Study Type Environmental

In this study, we developed a method for quantifying yearly macro- and mesoplastic load, incorporating different metrics. By integrating statistical analysis, the method accounts for variability in plastic concentrations and discharge rates. Subsequently, this methodology was applied to the Rhine and Meuse rivers in the Netherlands. The findings of this study indicate a spatial variability in plastic concentrations. The mean annual load of macro- and mesoplastics (items > 0.5 cm) in the Rhine was highest at Lobith, located at the Germany–Netherlands border (331 million items/year), decreasing downstream to 206 million items/year at Tiel. Similarly, in the Meuse, higher loads were observed at Eijsden, at the Belgium–Netherlands border (73 million items/year), than further downstream at Sambeek (62 million items/year), while particles in the 5–6 mm size range are likely underrepresented due to the 6 mm mesh size of the sampling net. Correspondingly, the mean annual surface area load of macro- and mesoplastics in the Meuse showed a downstream decrease, with mean values declining from 71,641.63 m²/year at Eijsden to 30,714.92 m²/year at Sambeek. The methodological approach enables the quantification of plastic loads, providing important insights into the dynamics of plastic pollution in river systems. This allows for predictions of future plastic quantities in the Rhine-Waal and Meuse rivers under different emission scenarios and measurement units.

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