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What Influences Farmers' Participation in Recycling Waste Agricultural Plastic Film? A Study Based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

Original title: What Influences Farmers’ Participation in Recycling Waste Agricultural Plastic Film? A Study Based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

Sustainability 2026
Yufei Zhang, Yong Zeng, Biqi Mao, Yuanyuan Xie, Jiaxin Liu

Summary

Leftover plastic film used to cover farm soil often gets left behind in fields, where it breaks down into microplastics that can enter crops, water, and eventually our food supply. This study found that farmers are more likely to collect and recycle this plastic waste when they personally believe it's the right thing to do and feel capable of doing it, rather than just following rules or peer pressure. Understanding what motivates farmers to clean up plastic waste can help governments design better programs to reduce microplastic pollution before it reaches our farmland and food.

Recycling residual plastic film is an important measure to prevent plastic pollution and achieve farmland sustainability, with farmers’ participation being the key. To understand the determinants of farmers’ participation in the recycling of residual plastic film, this study developed an extended TPB framework by introducing moral norm and responsibility attribution as additional explanatory constructs. Based on questionnaire responses from 429 cotton farmers in southern Xinjiang, China, the proposed relationships were examined through structural equation modeling. The empirical results indicated that recycling intentions were mainly determined by attitudes and perceived behavioral control, and responsibility attribution had a positive effect on subjective norm. Furthermore, the influence of moral norm served as a minor mediating factor in the connection between subjective norms and intentions to recycle. These findings not only deepen the understanding of the behavioral mechanisms underlying residual film recovery, but also provide policy-relevant insights for strengthening government efforts to address plastic film pollution.

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