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Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems: A Serious Health Concern
Summary
This review paper pulls together existing research showing that tiny plastic bits from ocean pollution—called microplastics—are turning up in seawater, marine life, and the seafood we eat. Because these particles can carry toxic chemicals and may build up in our bodies over time, scientists are increasingly concerned about what this means for long-term human health, even though more research is still needed to fully understand the risks.
Marine ecosystems are among the most valuable and oldest natural resources on earth. It supports biodiversity, food security, climate regulation and human livelihoods. However, due to rapid increase in plastic production and improper waste management have resulted in widespread contamination of oceans with microplastics. These tiny plastic particles measuring less than 5 mm in diameter have emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern in recent years. Microplastics are now found in seawater, sediments, marine organisms and even seafood consumed by humans. Their persistence, ability to absorb toxic pollutants and potential to enter the food chain make them a serious threat to marine life and human health. This chapter discusses the sources, occurrence, ecological impacts and health implications of microplastics in marine ecosystems while highlighting current challenges and future management strategies for long and sustainable life.