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Comparison Study of Effect of HDPE Microplastic, Lead Nitrate and Synergistic Effect of Lead Nitrate and HDPE Microplastics on Germination Study of Tomato Seeds (Pusa Ruby)
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Scientists found that tiny plastic particles (microplastics) and lead each slow down tomato seed sprouting and growth — and when combined, they're even more harmful together than either one alone. This matters because both microplastics and lead are already common in soil and water, and this research suggests they could team up to threaten how well our food crops grow, which could eventually affect food supply and quality.
The environmental buildup of microplastics has led to a number of natural and healthcare issues. Pollution from microplastics (MPs) and its effects on plants have became a global concern. This present study investigate to found the effect of HDPE microplastics (1-150 mm), Lead, and synergistic effect of Lead (nitrate) and HDPE microplastics on the germination of Tomato seeds (PUSA RUBY). We found that as the concentration of microplastics and lead (0 mg/L (control), 10 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 0 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L) increases, the germination rate decreases and cause a dose dependent decrease in the seedling growth. On 5th and 10th day of germination their was different result of the germinating seeds at different concentration of lead, microplastics and of lead + microplastics as compared to control, and also decline in the germination rate of the tomato seeds. The synergistic effect of lead and microplastics becomes more toxic than single effect of Lead and Microplastic, as the bio-accumulation of heavy metal (lead nitrate) occur the toxicity of microplastics increases and show the toxic effect on germinating seeds. This present study showed the need to investigate the potentially impacts of Lead, microplastics and synergistic effect of Lead and microplastics on the germination process of Tomato seeds. Our findings in this present research can offer a theoretical foundation and statistical backing for more research on the toxicity of microplastics and lead + microplastics to tomato plant.
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An Impact Of Microplastic And Microplastic + Lead Induced Toxicity On Growth Parameters And Chlorophyll Content Of Tomato Plant: (Comparison Study)
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Researchers grew tomato plants in soil spiked with polyethylene microplastics alone and combined with lead nitrate at multiple concentrations to compare their toxicity. Both treatments reduced shoot length, fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll content in a dose-dependent manner, with the combined microplastic-plus-lead treatment causing more severe harm than either pollutant alone.
[Effects of Combined Pollution of Microplastics and Lead on Maize Seed Germination and Growth].
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Researchers grew maize seeds in water spiked with lead and three common microplastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, and PVC) to test their combined effects on germination and early growth. All three plastics individually inhibited germination to varying degrees, but when combined with lead the effects were generally antagonistic — meaning the mixture was less toxic than each pollutant alone. These findings are important for understanding real-world soil contamination, where microplastics and heavy metals often co-occur in agricultural environments.
Combined Phytotoxicity of Microplastics andLead on the Growth and Physio-BiochemicalCharacteristics of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)
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Researchers grew tobacco plants in soil contaminated with both polyethylene microplastics and lead, finding that the combination caused greater damage to photosynthesis and plant growth than either pollutant alone, while microplastics partially reduced how much lead roots absorbed. The study shows that microplastic and heavy metal co-contamination — increasingly common in agricultural soils — poses compounding risks to crop health.
Interactive effects of polystyrene microplastics and Pb on growth and phytochemicals in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)
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Researchers studied the combined effects of polystyrene microplastics and lead on mung bean plants. They found that when both pollutants were present together, the damage was more severe, reducing plant weight, impairing photosynthesis, and disrupting chlorophyll production and enzyme activity. The study suggests that microplastics and heavy metals can interact to create amplified harmful effects on crop plants in contaminated agricultural environments.
Impact of Microplstic and Lead Toxicity on the Terrestrial Plants: a Critical Review
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This review examines the toxic effects of microplastics and lead on terrestrial plants, synthesizing evidence that MPs modify soil physicochemical properties and enzymatic activity while lead disrupts root and shoot biomass, leaf development, and growth tolerance. Combined microplastic-lead exposure is found to be more damaging than either stressor alone, with implications for agricultural productivity in contaminated soils.
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