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Comparison Study of Effect of HDPE Microplastic, Lead Nitrate and Synergistic Effect of Lead Nitrate and HDPE Microplastics on Germination Study of Tomato Seeds (Pusa Ruby)

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 2026
Madhvi Sharma, Anuradha Jayaraman, Sanjeevi Ramakrishnan

Summary

Scientists found that tiny plastic particles (microplastics) and lead each slow down tomato seed sprouting and growth — and when combined, they're even more harmful together than either one alone. This matters because both microplastics and lead are already common in soil and water, and this research suggests they could team up to threaten how well our food crops grow, which could eventually affect food supply and quality.

Polymers

The environmental buildup of microplastics has led to a number of natural and healthcare issues. Pollution from microplastics (MPs) and its effects on plants have became a global concern. This present study investigate to found the effect of HDPE microplastics (1-150 mm), Lead, and synergistic effect of Lead (nitrate) and HDPE microplastics on the germination of Tomato seeds (PUSA RUBY). We found that as the concentration of microplastics and lead (0 mg/L (control), 10 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 0 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L) increases, the germination rate decreases and cause a dose dependent decrease in the seedling growth. On 5th and 10th day of germination their was different result of the germinating seeds at different concentration of lead, microplastics and of lead + microplastics as compared to control, and also decline in the germination rate of the tomato seeds. The synergistic effect of lead and microplastics becomes more toxic than single effect of Lead and Microplastic, as the bio-accumulation of heavy metal (lead nitrate) occur the toxicity of microplastics increases and show the toxic effect on germinating seeds. This present study showed the need to investigate the potentially impacts of Lead, microplastics and synergistic effect of Lead and microplastics on the germination process of Tomato seeds. Our findings in this present research can offer a theoretical foundation and statistical backing for more research on the toxicity of microplastics and lead + microplastics to tomato plant.

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