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Effects of Different Environmental Stressors on Marine Biogenic Sulfur Compounds in the Northwest Pacific and Eastern Indian Oceans
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Researchers conducted ship-based experiments in the Northwest Pacific and Eastern Indian Oceans to study how dust deposition, ocean acidification, and microplastic exposure affect marine sulfur compounds that play key roles in atmospheric chemistry. They found that these environmental stressors alter phytoplankton communities and modify how cells produce and break down sulfur-containing compounds. The results suggest that initial ocean conditions like nutrient availability may influence how sensitive these systems are to environmental changes.
Abstract Key roles of marine dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), methyl mercaptan (MeSH), and carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) in the sulfur cycle and/or atmospheric chemistry, alongside the rapid environmental changes in marine ecosystems, underscore the need to understand their responses to dynamic ecosystem shifts. We conducted two ship‐based incubation experiments in the Northwest Pacific and Eastern Indian Oceans to explore how dust deposition, ocean acidification, and microplastic exposure impact these compounds. Our results demonstrate that these stressors not only alter phytoplankton community but also modify per‐cell DMSP production capacity and DMSP degradation pathways, subsequently influencing DMSP, DMS, and MeSH concentrations. CS 2 's response closely mirrors phytoplankton abundance and species. Initial physical‐chemical conditions, such as carbonate system and nutrient availability, may mediate the sensitivity of phytoplankton and sulfur compounds to environmental shifts. This study enhances our understanding of biogenic sulfur responses in dynamic marine ecosystems and provides essential basis for future climate modeling.
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Microplastics Stress Alters Microorganism Community Structure and Reduces the Production of Biogenic Dimethylated Sulfur Compounds
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Researchers studied how microplastic stress alters marine microbial community composition and affects production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfide, which play key roles in global sulfur cycling and cloud formation. Microplastic exposure shifted microbial community structure and significantly reduced DMSP and DMS production, with potential implications for climate-relevant atmospheric sulfur emissions from the ocean.
Microplastics stress alters microorganism community structure and reduces the production of biogenic dimethylated sulfur compounds
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This study examined how microplastic stress affects marine microbial community structure and the production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) -- sulfur compounds that play key roles in global sulfur cycling and cloud formation. Microplastic exposure altered microbial community composition and significantly reduced DMSP and DMS production, indicating potential cascading effects on global climate-regulating biogeochemical cycles.
Effects of micro- and nano-plastics on community assemblages and dimethylated sulfur compounds production
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Researchers conducted a field microcosm experiment to study how micro- and nanoplastics affect marine plankton communities and the production of climate-relevant sulfur compounds. They found that medium and high concentrations of polystyrene, polyethylene, and polyamide particles disrupted zooplankton grazing and altered the production of dimethyl sulfide. The study suggests that plastic pollution could interfere with marine biogeochemical cycles that play a role in climate regulation.
Impacts of nano- and micro-plastics exposure on zooplankton grazing, bacterial communities, and dimethylated sulfur compounds production in the microcosms
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Researchers investigated how nano- and microplastics affect zooplankton grazing, bacterial communities, and the production of climate-relevant dimethyl sulfide compounds. The study found that plastic particle exposure reduced zooplankton feeding rates and disrupted dimethyl sulfide production in a dose- and size-dependent manner, with nanoplastics showing greater toxicity than larger microplastics.
Effects of micro- and nano-plastics on growth, antioxidant system, DMS, and DMSP production in Emiliania huxleyi
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Researchers exposed a key ocean-dwelling algae species to polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics and found that both sizes impaired growth and triggered oxidative stress. The nanoplastics were more harmful than microplastics, reducing chlorophyll content and altering the production of climate-relevant sulfur compounds. The study suggests that plastic pollution could disrupt ocean algae that play an important role in regulating atmospheric chemistry and climate.
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