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From Depth-Averaged Wave Models to Quasi-3D Transport: A Framework for Nearshore Microplastics
Summary
Scientists developed a new computer modeling method to better track how microplastics move and mix in ocean waves near coastlines, going beyond older models that only showed a flattened, average view of the water. This matters because knowing exactly where microplastics travel and collect on beaches and in shallow waters can help us understand where these tiny pollutants—which can end up in seafood and drinking water—are most likely to accumulate, supporting better cleanup and pollution-prevention efforts.
Understanding microplastics transport in the nearshore zone requires an accurate representation of wave-induced circulation and vertical mixing processes. This study presents a methodological framework for reconstructing continuity-consistent quasi-three-dimensional velocity fields from depth-averaged outputs of the Nonlinear Shallow Water (NSW) and Boussinesq equations. A benchmark configuration is first employed to verify the numerical consistency and physical plausibility of the model. The framework is then extended to compare shallow water and Boussinesq formulations over a simplified planar bathymetry, enabling the influence of individual equation terms on tracer evolution to be isolated and physically interpreted. The proposed technique offers a valuable tool for extending the utility of efficient two-dimensional models toward quasi-three-dimensional hydrodynamic analysis.