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The role of the gut microbiome and metabolome in potentializing metabolic health disorders. Review
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This review pulls together existing research showing that the trillions of bacteria in your gut—and the substances they produce—play a bigger role in obesity, diabetes, and heart problems than previously thought, partly by leaking into your bloodstream and triggering inflammation. Notably, it highlights how microplastics from food containers may worsen this by damaging the gut's protective barrier, making it easier for harmful bacterial byproducts to escape into the body. The findings suggest that future treatments—like fecal transplants, targeted diets, or engineered gut bacteria—could help manage these metabolic diseases, though more research is still needed before
The article presents data on the features of changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in the most common metabolic-associated diseases. Attention is drawn to the significant role of the liver as the first organ that comes into contact with blood from the mesenteric outflow from the intestine, which, in addition to nutrients, may contain toxins and other components. It is noted that microbial translocation from the intestine contributes to the development of inflammatory processes in adipose tissue. Data are provided on the role of changes in the intestinal microbiome and virome in metabolic-associated pathologies. Data are also provided on the activity of intestinal microbiota metabolites in the development of heart failure, disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, and others. Among the metabolites, special attention is paid to trimethylamine oxide, phenylacetylglutamine, and short-chain fatty acids. Attention is paid to other signaling pathways of interaction between the intestinal microbiome and the human body, namely bioactive molecules — extracellular bacterial vesicles. The ability of extracellular vesicles to overcome biological barriers in the «host» organism (intestinal, endothelial, etc.) is emphasized, even if they do not have impaired permeability and accumulate in internal organs. Attention is also paid to the problem of the impact of microplastics, which can enter the body from «food» plastic containers with water and food and provoke dysbiotic changes in the intestinal microbiome and contribute to an increase in the permeability of the intestinal barrier, respectively, contributing to the development of metabolic-associated diseases (obesity, metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease, etc.). The special relevance of the development of new methods of influencing the intestinal microbiome, (fecal virome transplantation, phage therapy and the use of modified extracellular vesicles) along with dietary interventions and the use of various «biotics» is indicated. Despite the limited application of these new developments in the modification of the intestinal microbiome and the presence of many questions that have not yet been answered, their further study and application in humans are very relevant and promising in the treatment of metabolic-associated diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension and others).
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The Role of Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Potentiating Metabolic Health Disorders: A Review
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This review pulls together research on how gut bacteria and their byproducts affect conditions like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease—showing that when harmful substances leak from the gut into the bloodstream, they can trigger inflammation throughout the body. Notably, the review highlights how microplastics from food and water containers may disrupt gut bacteria and weaken the gut's protective barrier, potentially fueling these same metabolic problems. The takeaway: what's happening in your gut—and what you're storing your food in—may matter more for your metabolic health than previously realized, though scientists are still developing ways to use this knowledge for
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This review paper summarizes existing research on how microplastics eaten with food might affect gut bacteria, gut lining health, and body fat in animal studies and lab cell experiments. It suggests microplastics could disrupt gut microbes and cause inflammation linked to obesity-related problems, but notes gaps in long-term testing and uncertainty about applying findings across species.
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This review summarizes existing research on how microplastics may affect gut bacteria, the gut's protective lining, and digestive chemical signals, mostly based on animal and lab cell studies. These changes were linked to inflammation and disrupted metabolism in those studies, but human evidence remains limited, and researchers call for more standardized studies.
The Gut Microbiome in Foodborne Microplastic Toxicity: Mechanistic Insights and Human Health Risk Assessment
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This review pulls together existing research on how microplastics we eat, tiny plastic particles found in food and water, may disrupt the trillions of bacteria living in our gut, weakening the gut's protective barrier and triggering inflammation and stress throughout the body. It also points out that plastics can act like tiny rafts, carrying other harmful chemicals into our system and making the damage worse. While scientists don't yet have the full picture, this matters because it suggests the microplastics in our daily diet could be quietly affecting digestive and overall health, making this an area worth watching closely.
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