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Investigating the presence of microplastics in cosmetic products for infant and child skincare in silico and consumer attitudes towards it
Summary
A Slovenian study investigated the presence of synthetic polymers in infant and child skincare cosmetics available on the local market, and surveyed consumer awareness about microplastics in cosmetic products. Because infants have higher skin permeability than adults, identifying microplastic ingredients in baby products is directly relevant to assessing dermal exposure risks in the most vulnerable population.
Človeško telo je mikroplastičnim delcem izpostavljeno z inhalacijo mikroplastike v zraku, peroralno z zaužitjem mikroplastike v živilih ter z dermalnim stikom z mikroplastiko v kozmetičnih, tekstilnih in drugih izdelkih. Pri tem so dojenčki zaradi večje dovzetnosti za dermalno absorpcijo posebej občutljiva skupina. Namen diplomske naloge je preučiti ozaveščenost in odnos potrošnikov do mikroplastike v kozmetičnih izdelkih ter ugotoviti prisotnost sintetičnih polimerov v izbranih kozmetičnih izdelkih, namenjenih zlasti dojenčkom in otrokom, ki so na voljo na slovenskem trgu. V uvodu diplomske naloge predstavimo potencialne vplive mikroplastičnih delcev iz kozmetičnih izdelkov na zdravje ljudi ter regulativo, ki ureja prisotnost mikroplastike v kozmetiki. V raziskovalnem delu glede na demografske značilnosti analiziramo odgovore anketirancev na vprašanja o ozaveščenosti in nakupnih navadah v povezavi z mikroplastiko. Ugotovili smo, da so anketiranci razmeroma dobro splošno seznanjeni s problematiko, ki zadeva mikroplastiko. Nakup in uporaba kozmetike za dojenčke sta med odraslimi anketiranci, ki sicer ne spadajo v ciljno skupino, pogosta, pri čemer nosečnost ali skrb za dojenčka nimata pomembnega vpliva na odnos do okoljskih vidikov izdelkov. Večina anketirancev bi bila pripravljena opustiti uporabo vsaj nekaterih kozmetičnih izdelkov, ki vsebujejo mikroplastiko. V nadaljevanju predstavimo pristop in silico, in sicer smo s pomočjo orodja Beat the Microbead pregledali prisotnost sintetičnih polimerov v 138 kozmetičnih izdelkih na slovenskem trgu in identificirali 21 sintetičnih polimerov, ki jih kampanja Beat the Microbead uvršča med mikroplastiko. Po kriterijih Evropske agencije za kemikalije smo kot mikroplastiko opredelili štiri polimere, prisotne v treh kozmetičnih izdelkih. Certifikat naravne kozmetike se je izkazal kot zagotovilo za odsotnost mikroplastike po kriterijih Evropske agencije za kemikalije. Kljub omejitvam, kot sta nekvantitativna analiza polimerov v kozmetičnih izdelkih in demografsko neuravnotežen vzorec pri analizi ankete, diplomska naloga ponuja vpogled v prisotnost mikroplastike v kozmetičnih izdelkih na slovenskem trgu ter v razumevanje potrošniških stališč v povezavi z mikroplastiko. Glede na rezultate poudarjamo potrebo po nadaljnjem preučevanju sintetičnih polimerov in njihovih morebitnih učinkov na zdravje ljudi in okolje ter iskanje trajnostnih alternativ mikroplastiki v kozmetični industriji.
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