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Combined physiological effects of differentially charged nanoplastics and ocean acidification on the mussel Mytilus coruscus
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Researchers assessed the combined effects of differentially charged nanoplastics and ocean acidification on the mussel Mytilus coruscus to understand interactions between these co-occurring stressors. The study found that nanoplastic charge significantly influenced toxicological outcomes, with ocean acidification modulating the physiological responses of mussels to nanoplastic exposure.
In the context of ocean acidification (OA) in the near future, along with the continuous production of nanoplastics (NPs) with different charges in the ocean, it is critical to investigate their combined effects on marine life and ecosystem stability. Thus, this study assessed the joint effects of NPs with different charges and OA on Mytilus coruscus by analyzing antioxidant stress, energy metabolism, condition index, and shell resistance. Results indicated that positively charged NPs (P-NPs) significantly elevated ROS levels, MDA content, and the activities of GPX and CAT, with more pronounced effects under OA. NPs with different charges have varying effects on energy metabolism enzyme activity, and OA further influences these disparities. Overall, P-NPs had a more detrimental impact on mussels, an effect that was further intensified by OA. Low pH alters the surface charge distribution of NPs, enhancing their binding to biomolecules and potentially exacerbating physiological effects on mussels by altering NPs' aggregation behavior. This study provides insights into the combined toxic effects of NPs with different charges and OA on mussels, offering a reference for evaluating the environmental risks of OA and charged NPs in marine ecosystems.
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Researchers found that combined exposure to ocean acidification and microplastics significantly reduced the feeding rate, food absorption, and energy budget of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus, with acidification amplifying the negative effects of microplastics.
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Researchers found that the combination of ocean acidification and microplastic exposure weakened mussel immune systems, reduced feeding performance, and degraded the quality of byssus threads used for attachment. The study suggests that co-occurring ocean acidification and microplastic pollution could increase the vulnerability of bivalves to disease and dislodgement, threatening their survival in future marine environments.
Ocean acidification and nanoplastics disrupt mussel calcification in synergy: A multi-omics analysis
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Mussels exposed to more acidic seawater (from ocean acidification) and tiny plastic particles struggled to repair their shells properly, growing thinner, weaker shells with less calcium, and the problem got worse when both stressors combined. This matters because mussels and other shellfish are a major food source worldwide, and as oceans absorb more CO2 and plastic pollution while these tiny particles work their way into seafood, this research suggests the combination could hurt the quality and availability of the shellfish we eat.
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Researchers exposed mussels to three types of nanoplastics with different surface modifications and found that amino-modified particles were the most toxic, strongly inhibiting key antioxidant enzymes in gill and mantle tissues. Different surface chemistries triggered distinct patterns of oxidative stress across tissues, with gills being the most sensitive organ. The study highlights that how nanoplastics are modified by environmental weathering can significantly change their toxicity to marine organisms.
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